Choosing an olive oil may seem simple… until you see the acronyms: EVOO, EVOO, EO .
At first glance they may look similar.
However, they respond to different processes, controls, and quality levels.
Are they the same?
Do their properties change?
Does it affect your nutritional profile?
What explains the price difference?
And what role do certifications such as organic production or Protected Designation of Origin play?
Understanding these categories is essential to knowing what we are actually incorporating into our diet.
In this article we explain, in a clear and accessible way, the difference between extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) , virgin olive oil (VOO) and olive oil (OO) , and how elements such as organic certification or a Protected Designation of Origin can provide an additional level of guarantee and traceability.
Because choosing well starts with understanding what we are reading on the label.
What does EVOO mean?

Extra Virgin Olive Oil
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the highest recognized category within olive oil.
It is not a commercial name, but a regulated classification that must meet very demanding technical and sensory parameters.
How is it obtained?
EVOO is obtained exclusively through physical procedures , without chemical processes or refining.

In our case, the process begins in the field:
- 100% manual harvest , selecting the fruit at its optimal moment.
- Careful harvesting, avoiding blows that alter the olive.
- Immediate transport to preserve freshness and natural properties.
- Cold extraction solely by physical means.
The result is simply natural olive juice .
No additives.
Without transformations.
Only the expression of the fruit as nature offers it.
What makes it different?
To be classified as extra virgin, it must meet strict criteria established by the International Olive Council (IOC) :
✔ Acidity ≤ 0.8%
✔ Total absence of sensory defects
✔ Clean and balanced aromatic profile
✔ Preservation of natural compounds such as polyphenols
🔗 International Olive Council:
https://www.internationaloliveoil.org/
Within the EVOO category: organic and with Protected Designation of Origin
Within the EVOO category there are additional levels of guarantee that provide greater traceability and control.
🌿 Organically produced
A certified organic extra virgin olive oil:
- It is grown without synthetic pesticides.
- Respect the natural cycles of the soil.
- Protects the biodiversity of the environment.
- It is supervised by official certification bodies.
It's not just about what isn't added, but about how the land that produces it is cared for.

Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
Spain has more than 30 Protected Designations of Origin for olive oil, including the Siurana PDO .
A Protected Designation of Origin guarantees:
- Specific geographical origin
- Authorized varieties
- Regulated production methods
- Additional quality controls
An EVOO protected by a PDO provides an additional level of traceability and territorial coherence.

What is AOV?
Virgin Olive Oil
Virgin olive oil (VOO) is also obtained exclusively through physical procedures, without chemical processes or refining.
It shares the same natural origin as extra virgin olive oil, but presents differences in the required technical and sensory parameters.
Features of the AOV
✔ Acidity ≤ 2%
✔ May have slight sensory imperfections
✔ Less intense aromatic profile
✔ Less complex taste
It is still a natural oil, but it does not reach the level of sensory requirements needed to be classified as extra virgin.
What is “olive oil” (OO)?
This is where the most confusion usually arises.
When a label simply says “olive oil” , it is usually a mixture made up of:
-Refined olive oil
-A small percentage of virgin olive oil
What does refining involve?
Refining is a technical process that allows the oil to be stabilized and its profile to be homogenized.
During this procedure:
- Unwanted features are corrected
- Intense flavors are neutralized
- Technical parameters are adjusted
As a result, some of the natural compounds present in virgin oils are also reduced, such as some antioxidants and aromatic components.
The result is an oil with a more neutral and stable profile, intended for less expressive culinary use.
Clear comparative table
| Feature | EVOO | AOV | AO |
|---|---|---|---|
| Method of obtaining | Physical procedures | Physical procedures | Refined + blend |
| Acidity | ≤ 0.8% | ≤ 2% | Variable |
| Sensory profile | Flawless | Minor imperfections | Corrected and neutral profile |
| Natural compounds | Preserved in their entirety | Partially preserved | Reduced during refining |
| Flavor | Complex and balanced | Correct and smooth | Neutral |
Which is the most interesting option from a nutritional point of view?
Scientific evidence on the Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular health has been developed mainly around extra virgin olive oil .
The PREDIMED trial, published in the New England Journal of Medicine , specifically analyzed EVOO consumption within a Mediterranean dietary pattern.
🔗 PREDIMED Study:
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1200303
Extra virgin olive oil:
- It retains its natural polyphenols
- Provides vitamin E
- It maintains its lipid profile intact
- It has not been subjected to refining processes
Furthermore, when it comes to an organic EVOO protected by a Protected Designation of Origin , such as the Siurana DO , additional guarantees of traceability, territorial control and compliance with specific quality standards are added.
Spain boasts over 30 Protected Designations of Origin (PDOs) for olive oil, each linked to a specific territory and regulated production criteria. The Siurana PDO is one such example, recognized for its olive-growing tradition and rigorous technical controls.
Which one should you choose?
If you are looking for:
- Complete nutritional profile
- Aromatic complexity
- Respect for origin and process
- Traceability guarantee
- Consistency with a sustainable agricultural model
The category that meets these characteristics is extra virgin olive oil .
And within it, an organic extra virgin olive oil with Protected Designation of Origin , like the one from
🔗 FINCA HOSTALETS 1898
https://fincahostalets1898.com

It represents an additional level of guarantee: respectful cultivation, control of origin and compliance with demanding standards.
FINCA HOSTALETS 1898 features:
- Official ecological certification
- Protected by the Siurana Designation of Origin
- Handcrafted with manual harvesting
This places it within the category of premium EVOO with double certification: technical quality and territorial traceability.
You can also learn about our process here:
🔗 https://fincahostalets1898.com/proceso-elaboracion
Because understanding what you consume is the first step to making better choices.
Conclusion
Not all olive oils are the same, even though they may seem so.
When choosing, you can use this classification as a guide:
- Organic EVOO + Protected Designation of Origin → maximum guarantee of technical quality, traceability and respect for the environment.
- EVOO → highest regulated category oil.
- AOV → natural, with lower sensory requirements.
- AO → refined oil combined with virgin oil, with a more neutral profile.
The difference isn't just in the name.
It's in the process, in the care of the fruit, in the respect for the land, and in the real value it brings to your diet.
Choosing with knowledge is choosing with discernment.
